The body's endocannabinoid system consists of neurotransmitters that bind to cannabinoid receptors. These receptors are expressed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. The neurotransmitters bind to the same receptors as THC, the psychoactive component in cannabis. The endocannabinoid system is a key regulator of numerous physiological processes including food intake, energy balance and glucose metabolism1.
Two primary cannabinoid receptors have been identified: CB1 and CB2. CB1 receptors are the main molecular target of the lipid-based neurotransmitters, as well as THC, the active component of cannabis. CB2 receptors are found in lymphocytes of the immune system. In animal studies, CB1 receptor activation has been associated with: reduced nausea and vomiting, decreased convulsions in epilepsy; decreased visceral, neuropathic and chronic infalmmatory pain7. They have also been linked with reduced disease progression in neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease6
Genetic variants in the CNR1 gene affect response to cannabis.
Related to:
Endocannabinoid system, THC, CBD, FAAH,